Methodology

Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)

Reference Range(s)

Not detected

Clinical Significance

Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2 (HIV-2) is currently diagnosed by the presence of antibodies to HIV-2, the detection of specific HIV-2 antigens or the ability to culture HIV-2 from blood, fluid or tissue of infected persons. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique, on the other hand, allows for the exponential enzymatic amplification of selected HIV-2 DNA sequences present in clinical specimens. The amplified fragments are then detected by hybridization to an HIV-2 specific labeled probe. As a result, the HIV-2 DNA PCR is a highly sensitive and specific method to detect the presence of HIV-2 proviral DNA in clinical specimens. The diagnosis of infection should not rely solely upon the result of a PCR assay. A positive result should be considered in conjunction with clinical presentation and additional clinical tests. A negative PCR result indicates the absence of HIV-2 proviral DNA at detectable levels in the sample tests and does not exclude diagnosis of disease.

Alternative Name(s)

HIV-2 Proviral DNA